安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤
这篇文章主要介绍“安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”安装Postgresql12.1的详细步骤”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！
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1、上传安装包
# cd /usr/src # rz # tar -zxvf postgresql-12.1.tar.gz # rm -rf postgresql-12.1.tar.gz
2、添加第三方插件
下载地址： https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/contrib.html
# cd /usr/src/postgresql-12.1/contrib/ # rz # unzip zhparser-master.zip # rm -rf zhparser-master.zip
3、安装postgresql依赖库
# sudo apt-get install -y gcc libreadline-dev zlib1g zlib1g.dev make
4、安装
# cd /usr/src/postgresql-12.1/ # ./configure --prefix=/opt/pgsql12.1/ --with-wal-blocksize=32 --with-blocksize=32 # make world # make install-world
5、添加用户配置环境变量
# useradd postgres -m # passwd postgres # su - postgres $ vi ~/.profile export PGPORT=8899 export PGDATA=/home/postgres/pgsql12.1/pg_root export LANG=en_US.utf8 export PGHOME=/opt/pgsql12.1/ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"` export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:. export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH export PGUSER=postgres export PGHOST=$PGDATA alias rm='rm -i' alias ll='ls -lh' export PGDATABASE=center $ exit # reboot 或者 source ~/.profile # usermod -s /bin/bash postgres # su - postgres $ mkdir -p /home/postgres/pgsql12.1/pg_root $ initdb -D $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres -W # 这里需要输入两次密码
6、修改内核参数
$ su - root # vi /etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280 fs.file-max = 7672460 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 1048576 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # sysctl -p # vi /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 131072 * hard nofile 131072 * soft nproc 131072 * hard nproc 131072 * soft core unlimited * hard core unlimited * soft memlock 50000000 * hard memlock 50000000
7、关闭防火墙
# sudo ufw status verbose Status: active Logging: on (low) Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing), disabled (routed) New profiles: skip # sudo ufw disable Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup # sudo ufw status verbose Status: inactive
8、配置pg_hba.conf
$ cd $PGDATA $ vi pg_hba.conf 添加允许访问的IP段 host all all 192.168.0.0/16 md5 host all all 10.10.0.0/16 md5
9、配置 postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0' port = 7788 max_connections = 100 superuser_reserved_connections = 13 unix_socket_directories = '.' unix_socket_permissions = 0700 tcp_keepalives_idle = 60 tcp_keepalives_interval = 10 tcp_keepalives_count = 10 shared_buffers = 128MB vacuum_cost_delay = 10 bgwriter_delay = 10ms wal_writer_delay = 10ms log_destination = 'csvlog' logging_collector = on log_directory = 'pg_log' log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' log_file_mode = 0600 log_truncate_on_rotation = on log_rotation_age = 1d log_rotation_size = 10MB log_checkpoints = on log_connections = on log_disconnections = on log_error_verbosity = verbose log_timezone = 'Asia/Shanghai'
10、启动数据库
$ pg_ctl start [-d $PGDATA]
11、进入数据库
$ psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 7788 -U postgres postgres
12、停止数据库
$ pg_ctl stop [-m fast|smart|immediate][-d $PGDATA]
13、安装Pgadmin
# sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y # sudo apt-get install -y pgadmin4 pgadmin4-apache2
访问：http://ip:端口/pgadmin4/
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