如何搭建智能DNS

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智能DNS搭建方案

智能DNS主要通过用户源IP来判断来源，然后根据不同的策略解析到不同的IP地址来实现。使得用户可以就近访问所需的资源，提高访问速度，提升用户感知。

智能DNS可通过bind的view功能来实现。

BIND的VIEW功能配置如下：

软件版本：bind-9.9.5-P1.tar.gz

依赖：gcc

openssl-0.9.8zb.tar.gz（bind的DNSSEC需要）

1. 安装openssl

tar xf openssl-0.9.8zb.tar.gz

cd openssl-0.9.8zb

./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl && make && make install

2. 安装bind

tar xf bind-9.9.5-P1.tar.gz

cd bind-9.9.5-P1

./configure --prefix=/home/bind --enable-threads --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl

make && make install

3. 配置bind

由于要配置view，那么所有的zone文件都必须放在view里面，所以做如下配置：注释掉named.conf中的named.conf.zone和named.rfc1912.zones

vi /home/bind/etc/named.conf

#named.conf file

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.options";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.acl";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.controls";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.server";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.key";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.dlz";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.trusted-keys";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.view";

#include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.zone";

#include "/home/bind/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";

配置view

vi /home/bind/etc/named.conf.view

view "ctc_view_zone" {

match-clients { CTC; };

include "/home/bind/var/named/view_zone/ctc_zone";

};

view "cuc_view_zone" {

match-clients { CUC; };

include "/home/bind/var/named/view_zone/cuc_zone";

};

view "cmc_view_zone" {

match-clients { CMC; };

include "/home/bind/var/named/view_zone/cmc_zone";

};

view "any_view_zone" {

match-clients { any; };

include "/home/bind/var/named/view_zone/any_zone";

};

分别为电信、联通、移动配置view，match-clients对应各自的ACL，实现筛选，include对应各自的zone配置文件。最后一条view为默认的view，view的匹配顺序是从上往下的，所以默认的view配置在最后。

配置zone文件

在/home/bind/var/named/view_zone下创建各自对应的zone文件

ls-l /home/bind/var/named/view_zone

total 16

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 17:47 any_zone

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 13 17:22 cmc_zone

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 17:47 ctc_zone

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 175 Aug 12 18:18 cuc_zone

vi /home/bind/var/named/view_zone/ctc_zone

zone "." IN {

type hint;

file "/home/bind/var/named/named.ca";

};

zone "test.com" IN {

type master;

file "/home/bind/var/named/ctc/test.com";

allow-update { none; };

};

Vi /home/bind/var/named/view_zone/cuc_zone

zone "." IN {

type hint;

file "/home/bind/var/named/named.ca";

};

zone "test.com" IN {

type master;

file "/home/bind/var/named/cuc/test.com";

allow-update { none; };

};

Vi /home/bind/var/named/view_zone/cmc_zone

zone "." IN {

type hint;

file "/home/bind/var/named/named.ca";

};

zone "test.com" IN {

type master;

file "/home/bind/var/named/cmc/test.com";

allow-update { none; };

};

vi /home/bind/var/named/view_zone/any_zone

zone "." IN {

type hint;

file "/home/bind/var/named/named.ca";

};

zone "test.com" IN {

type master;

file "/home/bind/var/named/any/test.com";

allow-update { none; };

};

在对应的目录下配置zone数据文件,配置一条A记录便于测试

vi /home/bind/var/named/ctc/test.com

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA test.com. root.localhost. (

42 ; serial (d. adams)

3H ; refresh

15M ; retry

1W ; expiry

1D ) ; minimum

IN NS ns

ns IN A 115.182.75.10

www IN A 1.1.1.1

vi /home/bind/var/named/cuc/test.com

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA test.com. root.localhost. (

42 ; serial (d. adams)

3H ; refresh

15M ; retry

1W ; expiry

1D ) ; minimum

IN NS ns

ns IN A 115.182.75.10

www IN A 2.2.2.2

vi /home/bind/var/named/cmc/test.com

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA test.com. root.localhost. (

42 ; serial (d. adams)

3H ; refresh

15M ; retry

1W ; expiry

1D ) ; minimum

IN NS ns

ns IN A 115.182.75.10

www IN A 3.3.3.3

vi /home/bind/var/named/any/test.com

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA test.com. root.localhost. (

42 ; serial (d. adams)

3H ; refresh

15M ; retry

1W ; expiry

1D ) ; minimum

IN NS ns

ns IN A 115.182.75.10

www IN A 4.4.4.4

配置ACL

由于IP条目数较多，所以另外创建ACL的文件方便管理

首先在named.conf中关联相应的文件

vi /home/bind/etc/named.conf

#named.conf file

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.options";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.acl";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.controls";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.server";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.key";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.dlz";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.trusted-keys";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.view";

#include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.zone";

#include "/home/bind/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";

include "/home/bind/etc/named.conf.log";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/dianxinACL";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/yidongACL";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/liantongACL";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/changkuanACL";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/tietongACL";

include "/home/bind/etc/ACL/jiaoyukeyanACL";

每个文件对应相应的IP地址库

格式为：acl “acl_name” { xx.xx.xx.xx; }; 如下所示：

vi /home/bind/etc/ACL/yidongACL

acl "CMC" {

36.128.0.0/10;

39.128.0.0/10;

111.0.0.0/10;

112.0.0.0/10;

……

221.176.0.0/13;

223.64.0.0/10;

};

至此bind的view已经配置完成

启动bind

/home/bind/sbin/named -u root -c /home/bind/etc/named.conf

(最好创建一个bind账号来启动，chown -R bind:bind /home/bind)

ps –ef | grep named 查看服务是否启动

使用/home/bind/sbin/named -u root -c /home/bind/etc/named.conf -g可以查看启动过程，方便排错

测试时，会根据源IP判断来源，然后解析到指定的地址，如下：

域名电信用户解析IP 联通用户解析IP 移动用户解析IP 其他用户解析IP

www.test.com 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3 4.4.4.4

解析命令

dig @115.182.75.10 www.test.com A

nslookup www.test.com 115.182.75.10

host -t A www.test.com 115.182.75.10

附上一个bind自带的压力测试工具queryperf

在解压 bind-9.9.5-P1.tar.gz后，在解压的文件中有个queryperf的目录，具体路径为：bind-9.9.5-P1/contrib/queryperf

在queryperf目录下执行：sh configure && make

之后会生成一个queryperf执行文件

基本用法如下：

./queryperf -d domain-file -s 8.8.8.8 -l 60 -T100

-d 后接一个域名列表文件，一行一个域名，格式为:domain type

www.163.com A

qq.com MX

www.baidu.com CNAME

www.test.com NS

-s 后接测试使用的DNS服务器IP

-l 测试时间，单位为秒

-T 每秒发送的请求数（qps）

命令执行完成后会输出结果，如下：

Statistics:

Parse input file: multiple times

Run time limit: 60 seconds

Ran through file: 5999 times

Queries sent: 6000 queries #查询总请求数

Queries completed: 6000 queries #查询成功的请求数

Queries lost: 0 queries #查询失败的请求数

Queries delayed(?): 0 queries

RTT max: 0.000520 sec

RTT min: 0.000109 sec

RTT average: 0.000291 sec

RTT std deviation: 0.000062 sec

RTT out of range: 0 queries

Percentage completed: 100.00%

Percentage lost: 0.00%

Started at: Fri Aug 15 10:42:00 2014

Finished at: Fri Aug 15 10:43:00 2014

Ran for: 60.000338 seconds

Queries per second: 99.999437 qps #每秒查询的次数（qps）

Total QPS/target: 99.999437/100 qps

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